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| 1446 |
| | | Portugal claims ownership of the region of Guinea, subsequently the centre of their slave trade on the west African coast | |
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| c. 1480 |
| | | An increase in trade through the central Sahara benefits the Songhay, with their capital at Gao, at the expense of Mali | |
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| 1487 |
| | | The Fuggers make their first loan to a Habsburg archduke, beginning a profitable link with the dynasty | |
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| 1492 |
| | | A French privateer off the west coast of Ghana is the first to plunder a Portuguese vessel carrying home African gold | |
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| c. 1500 |
| | | The Portuguese establish trading posts in east Africa, on the coast of Mozambique | |
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| 1502 |
| | | Vasco da Gama wins a trading treaty for Portuguese merchants after bombarding the Indian port of Calicut into submission | |
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| 1503 |
| | | The Portuguese set up a trading post on the east African island of Zanzibar | |
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| 1505 |
| | | The Portuguese establish a presence in Sri Lanka, trading in the island's crop of cinammon | |
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| 1511 |
| | | The Portuguese take control of Malacca, in the Malay peninsula, as a base for trade further east | |
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| 1512 |
| | | The Portuguese make treaties in the Moluccas (or Spice Islands), to trade in cloves and nutmeg | |
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